Many women have ovarian cysts that are painful and need to be removed. Fortunately, in most cases, ovarian cyst removal no longer requires extensive open surgery. Thanks to advancements in medical technology, laser surgery can be done to remove cysts with less discomfort.
For women seeking effective treatment with less disruption to their daily lives, laser surgery has become the preferred option for ovarian cyst removal. In this guide, we will discuss when laser surgery is suitable, its benefits, and what you can expect during and after the procedure.
What Are Ovarian Cysts?
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled growths that develop on or inside an ovary. While many benign cysts may resolve without treatment, others can grow larger, causing discomfort or complications. Common types of ovarian cysts include:
- Functional cysts: Occur as part of the menstrual cycle and are typically harmless.
- Dermoid cysts: Contain tissue like hair or fat and may require removal.
- Endometriomas: Form due to endometriosis, where tissue akin to the uterus lining grows outside the uterus.
- Cystadenomas: Develop on the ovary’s surface and may be filled with fluid or mucus.
People with ovarian cysts show symptoms like pelvic pain, bloating, irregular menstrual cycles and difficulty in conceiving. Diagnosis typically involves an ultrasound and, in some cases, additional imaging or blood tests.
When to Consider Laser Surgery
While not all ovarian cysts require medical intervention, laser surgery may be recommended in certain situations. Cysts that persist over time grow larger than 5 cm in diameter or fail to resolve on their own warrant surgical removal.
In cases where there is a risk that the cyst may be cancerous, surgery becomes essential to rule out malignancy. Your gynaecologist will carefully evaluate your condition, considering your medical history and diagnostic results, to determine whether laser surgery is the most suitable option for you.
Benefits of Laser Surgery for Ovarian Cyst Removal
Laser surgery for ovarian cyst removal has several advantages over traditional surgical methods, including:
- Minimally invasive approach: Performed laparoscopically, with small incisions and precise laser instruments.
- Reduced pain and scarring: Smaller incisions mean less pain and minimal visible scarring.
- Faster recovery time: Many women can resume normal activities within a few days.
- Enhanced precision: The laser allows targeted removal of cysts while preserving healthy ovarian tissue.
- Lower risk of complications: Reduced bleeding and infection rates compared to open surgery.
Preparing for Ovarian Cyst Laser Surgery
Being well-prepared is key to ensuring a smooth surgical experience and achieving the best possible outcomes. Before your procedure, you will have a pre-operative consultation, during which your doctor will review your medical history, conduct any necessary tests, and provide clear instructions tailored to your needs.
During this time, you should inform your doctor of your current medications and supplements, as certain ones may need to be stopped temporarily to avoid complications.
Fasting may be required for several hours before ovarian cyst laser surgery to ensure the procedure can be performed safely under anaesthesia.
Step-by-Step Procedure
Laser surgery for ovarian cyst removal involves the following steps:
- Anaesthesia: You will be placed under general anaesthesia to ensure you are comfortable and pain-free.
- Incisions: The surgeon makes small incisions near the navel to insert a laparoscope (a thin, lighted tube) and other surgical tools.
- Inspection: The laparoscope provides a clear view of the ovaries and cyst.
- Laser removal: The laser carefully excises the cyst while preserving the healthy ovarian tissue.
- Closure: Incisions are sutured or closed with adhesive strips, leaving minimal scars.
- Post-operative monitoring: You will be monitored for a short period before being discharged.
The entire procedure usually lasts one to two hours.
Potential Risks & Complications
While laser surgery is generally safe, it is not without risks. These risks can be managed with the guidance of an experienced surgeon:
- Infection: Although rare, it can occur at the incision site.
- Bleeding: Minimal bleeding is common, but excessive bleeding is rare.
- Damage to nearby structures: There is a slight risk of injury to surrounding organs.
- Anaesthesia-related risks: Rare side effects include allergic reactions or breathing difficulties.
- Recurrence of cysts: Some women may develop new cysts post-surgery.
Recovery & Aftercare
Recovery from ovarian cyst removal laser surgery is usually quick and straightforward, and most women return home the same day or after a brief hospital stay. While some mild discomfort is common, it can be managed with prescribed pain relievers.
During the initial phase of recovery, avoid lifting heavy objects, strenuous exercise, and sexual activity for two to four weeks to give your body time to heal sufficiently. Maintain the cleanliness of your incision sites to avoid catching an infection and promote faster healing.
Most women achieve complete recovery within four to six weeks, but many feel well enough to resume daily activities much sooner, thanks to the minimally invasive nature of laser surgery.
Consult Dr TC Chang for Ovarian Cyst Removal with Laser Surgery
Most ovarian cyst removal procedures today can be done with laser surgery. You can confidently embrace this minimally invasive option with proper preparation and professional care.
Dr TC Chang is a gynaecological surgeon in Singapore with 30 years of experience in minimally invasive gynaecological procedures, including ovarian cyst laser surgery. Known for his patient-focused approach, Dr Chang will guide you through every step of the process, ensuring you receive care that is tailored to your needs.